Mariau, D. 1998 Hemiptera (Insecta) on oil palm and coconut.. Insect Science and its Application 18(4): 269-277.

Notes: A wide variety of Hemiptera species are found on the leaves of palms in humid tropical zones. Many of them are highly polyphagous, and, generally, once adult, only accidentally end up on palm leaves, on which they can nevertheless feed. Other hemipterans spend the whole of their developmental cycle on palms, and some seem to live on palms alone. Most of the Hemiptera have no economic impact on their hosts, since their population levels are rarely high enough to cause significant damage. However, some Heteroptera, Coccoidea species included, can be very damaging primary pests. Scales listed as pests are Aonidiella eremocitri, Aspidiotus destructor, Chrysomphalus ficus, Dysmicoccus cocotis, Ferrisia virgata, Lepidosaphes mcgregori, Nipaecoccus nipae, Palmicultor palmarum, Pseudococcus adonidum and P. cryptus.