Malipatil, M.B, Dunn, K.L., & Smith, D. 2000 . An Illustrated Guide to the Parasitic Wasps Associated with Citrus Scale Insects and Mealybugs in Australia. Natural Resources and Environment, Agriculture Resources Conservation Land Management, Agriculture Victoria 152 pp.

Notes: This publication aims to help the citrus integrated pest management (IPM) consultant, field worker and specialist entomologist with identification keys, less technical diagnostic characters, and, where possible, photographs of individual species. Sources of origins, descriptions, combinations and synonyms, diagnosis and biological notes, particularly host lists, and key references are provided for each species. Scale insects and mealybugs are the dominant pest group in Australian citrus. Twenty three species of scale (15 soft scales and eight armoured) and six mealybugs are recorded (Table 1). All but three of four of these have been accidentally introduced, most probably with original citrus importations from southern China last century. Aonidiella aurantii, Ceroplastes destructor, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Coccus hesperidum, C. pseudomagnoliarum, Planococcus citri, Pseudococcus calceolariae, P. longispinus, Saissetia oleae and Unaspis citri are pointed out as major pests.