Lopes, D.J.H., Macedo, N., Figueiredo, A., Pimentel, R., Ventura, L.B., Carvalho, M.C.F., & Mexia, A.M.M. 2008 Scale insects found in vineyards on Terceira Island, Azores.. Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Scale Insect Studies, Oeiras, Portugal, 24-27 September 2007. ISA Press Lisbon, Portugal 322 pp.

Notes: In the vineyards of Terceira Island, Azores, several pests (scale insects, mites, aphids and thrips) damage plants reducing their production by permitting the subsequent entrance of fungi, especially Botrytis cinerea. The INTERFRUT A II project had as one of its goals a better understanding and identification of the phytosanitary problems that appear in the vineyards of the most productive area of Terceira Island (Biscoitos). The methodology used to estimate the damage was direct observation of the leaves with a biweekly registration of all data collected from the vineyards. In this study, we analyzed the seasonal life history and population growth of each pest in the vineyards during all growth stages of the plants. Two scale insect species were indentified. a mealybug (Pseudococcidae) Planococcus sp., the most abundant species, and the soft scale (Coccidae) Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner).