Liu, K.Y., Yan, F.J., & Li, X.L. 1987 [Study on life table of Quadraspidiotus gigas (Thiem et Gerneck).]. Journal of the Northeastern Forestry Institute. China 15(5): 30-34.

Notes: A life table was constructed for a natural population of the diaspidid Quadraspidiotus gigas in Heilongjiang, China, in 1984-86. The value of the index of expectation for the population was 0.16 in 1984-85 and 0.49 in 1985-86. The aphelinid parasitoid Prospaltella gigas [Encarsia gigas] was a major factor in maintaining the population of Q. gigas at a low level.