Liu, Y., & Shi, Y. 1990a A study on the dimorphism of Asterodiaspis variabile (Russell (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Asterolecaniidae).. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University (1): 31-36.

Notes: The study of ecological dimorphism (or polymorphism) of scale insects has developed rapidly, and has become an important basis for identifying related species or genera. The adult female of the A. variabile displays ecological dimorphism under the influence of different parts (stems or leaves) of its plant host by artificially transferring first instar nymphs in light of the study on morphology of adult females and first instar nymphs. The morphology of the various forms is described and illustrated.