Liu, M.T. 1989 [Observations on the bionomics of Shansiaspis sinensis Tang and its infestation.]. Insect Knowledge 26(1): 24-26.

Notes: The biology of the diaspidid Shansiaspis sinensis was studied in China. The pest is distributed in the 5 provinces of northwestern China and infests 29 species of host plants, mainly Salix matsudana. It had 2 generations a year, overwintering in the nymphal stage on the trunk, branches and axillary buds. The nymphs of the overwintering generation began feeding in early April. Adults emerged in mid-April and began to oviposit in late May, laying an average of 81 eggs/female. The egg period lasted for 15 days. Nymphs of the 1st generation hatched in mid-June with a peak in egg hatching in late June. Adults of the 1st generation emerged in mid-July. Oviposition by 2nd generation females started in early August with a peak in egg hatch in mid-September.