Lema, K.M., & Herren, H.R. 1985a The influence of constant temperature on population growth rates of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti.. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 38(2): 165-169.

Notes: Life table studies were conducted to assess the effect of constant temperature on the rate of population growth of Phenacoccus manihoti. An inverse relationship was observed between temperature and most demographic parameters. The intrinsic rate of natural increased (rm) increased from 0.1 at 20 deg C to 0.2 at 27 deg C and 30.5 deg C. The net reproductive rate varied between 426.3 at 30.5 deg C and 584.7 at 20 deg C. The mealybug population reached 50% mortality after 37.5, 21.5, 19.0 and 19.0 days, respectively, at 20, 23.5, 27 and 30.5 deg C. The results indicate that P. manihoti can persist and increase in numbers between 20 and 30.5 deg C.