Kozár, F., Mani, E., & Hippe, C. 2009 Daily rhythm of emergence and flight of males of Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Hemiptera: Coccoidea).. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica 44(1): 185-191

Notes: Abstract: The maximum emergence (eclosion) of the males of P. pentagona occurred at 10.00-14.00 hours. The emergence started at temperatures above 11 0 C. The maximum flight of males to pheromone traps occurred between 16.00 and 20.00 hours in days with sunshine. On days with clouds the flight already started at 10.00 hours. Intensive flight activity of males started at temperatures higher than 18 0 C. The asynchrony between hatching time and flight time on sunny days could cause high mortality of the males before mating. The daily rhythm of flight was determined mainly by the light intensity. The flight was inhibited by wind speeds higher than 2 m/sec.