Kosztarab, M.P. 1997b 3.3.12 Deciduous forest trees.. Soft Scale Insects - Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control [Vol. 7B]. Elsevier Amsterdam & New York 442 pp.

Notes: Scale pests of deciduous forest trees include Ceroplastes ceriferus, C. destructor, C. floridensis, C. rubens, Chloropulvinaria floccifera, C. psidii, Coccus hesperidum, C. longulus, C. viridis, Ericerus pela, Eulecanium cerasorum, E. ciliatum, E. franconicum, E. tiliae, Mesolecanium nigrofasciatum, Neolecanium cornuparvum, Neopulvinaria innumerabilis, Palaeolecanium bituberculatum, Parasaissetia nigra, Parthenolecanium corni, P. quercifex, P. rufulum, Pulvinaria acericola, P. ericicola, P. vitis, Saissetia coffeae, S. oleae, Sphaerolecanium prunastri and Vinsonia stellifera; field characters; common host plants; infestation site, distribution; major references.