Kogan, M., Gerling, D., & Maddox, J.V. 1999 Enhancement of biological control in annual agricultural environments.. Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications of Biological Control. Academic Press San Diego et al. 1046 pp.

Notes: The methods of enhancing biological control on several transient crops is reviewed. Disturbances in such crops are difficult to correct, but nevertheless many less disturbed crops benefit from a high level of resident natural enemies. Such crops are also susceptible to secondary pest outbreaks triggered by pesticide use. Much of the treatment is based on soybean as a model. Phenacoccus manihoti is among the pest species reviewed in detail. P. gossypii, P. grenadensis and P. herreni are also mentioned.