Klein Koch, C. 1977 Aspectos generales del control biologico e integrado de plagas en Chile. [General features of biological and integrated pest control in Chile].. Boletín del Servicio de Defensa Contra Plagas Inspección Fitopatología 3: 121-132.

Notes: [Seminar on biological control of scale-insects and aleurodids on citrus.: Seminario de lucha biologica contra cochinillas y aleurodidos de los citricos.] The work carried out in Chile on the biological control of agricultural pests is reviewed since its beginnings in 1915. Information on the degree of control afforded (complete, partial or substantial) following the introduction into Chile of natural enemies to control pests or weeds is summarised, with brief details. Integrated control has been developed mainly from pilot programmes for apple and pear orchards in the central region of the country and has involved preventive measures against Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comst.), Panonychus ulmi (Koch) and Tetranychus urticae Koch, the use of traps to determine the flight periods of Cydia pomonella (L.) (Laspeyresia pomonella), the establishment of critical thresholds for populations of red spider mites, the selection of insecticides least harmful to beneficial insects and biological control. The experimental results indicate that possibility of substantially increasing populations of predacious mites and the reestablishment of adequate numbers of Aphelinus mali (Hald.) through reductions in the number of insecticide applications from 6 to 3-4 and of acaricide applications from 5-7 to 3 per season. Some work on the effects of growth regulators, such as diflubenzuron (Dimilin), is also in progress.