Johnson, D.T., Lewis, B.A., & Whitehead, J.D. 1999 Grape scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae) biology and management on grapes.. Journal of Entomological Science 34(2): 161-170.

Notes: Grape scale, Diaspidiotus uvae is a pest of grapes, Vitus spp., in the south central United States. This study compared Julian days and cumulative degree-days (DD at base 10 degrees C accumulated after 1 April) to grape scale biology and control in Arkansas.