Hodgson, C.J. 1995a The possible evolution of the plate-like structures associated with the anal area of lecanoid Coccoidea.. Israel Journal of Entomology 29: 57-65.

Notes: [Proceedings of the VII International Symposium of Scale Insect Studies, held in Bet Dagan, Israel, June 12-17 1994.] Data presented which strongly support the view of early workers that the anal plates of the Coccidae evolved from anal lobes; fate of anal lobes in other lecanoid families is discussed along with the origin of other plate-like structures associated with the anal area; anal plates in the family Coccidae and the eriococcid tribe Eriochitonini are an example of convergent evolution and, with the possible exception of the Aclerdidae, the sclerotised plate-like structures found in other lecanoid families have developed in a different manner.