Hendricks, H.J., & Williams, M.L. 1992 Life history of Melanaspis obscura (Homoptera: Diaspididae) infesting pin oak in Alabama.. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 85(4): 452-457.

Notes: Abstract: Obscure scale is the primary insect pest of Quercus palustris in Alabama; life history studied on 257 pin oaks on the Auburn University campus from 1986 to 1988; single generation per year; overwintered primarily as second-instar males and females; 2nd instar males formed white, waxy cocoon before forming prepupae; observation of hardened ventral cover reported for the first time; accuracy of a degree-day model recorded for this species' development was tested; model closely predicted crawler emergence but was less accurate for predicting adult male emergence. Keywords: males; biology.