Hattingh, V., & Tate, B.A. 1995 Effects of field-weathered residues of insect growth regulators on some Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of economic importance as biocontrol agents.. Bulletin of Entomological Research 85: 489-493.

Notes: Use of insect growth regulator (IGR) pyriproxyfen (Nemesis) for the control of red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Homoptera: Diaspididae) on citrus in southern Africa has led to extensive disruption of the biocontrol of cottony cushion scale Icerya purchasi (Homoptera: Margarodidae) provided by the coccinellids Rodolia cardinalis and other indigenous Rodolia spp.; results indicate that IGRs are not compatible with integrated pest management (IPM) for citrus in southern Africa.