Goeden, R.D., Andrés, L.A., Freeman, T.E., Harris, P., Pienkowski, R.L., & Walker, C.R. 1974 Present status of projects on the biological control of weeds with insects and plant pathogens in the United States and Canada.. Weed Science 22: 490-495.

Notes: Dactylopius confusus and D. opuntiae are listed as biological control agents for Opuntia spp. and O. oricola, respectively.