Frank, S.D., & Just, M.G. 2020 Can Cities Activate Sleeper Species and Predict Future Forest Pests? A Case Study of Scale Insects. Insects 142; doi:10.3390/insects11030142
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Notes: Sleeper species are innocuous native or naturalized species that exhibit invasive characteristics and become pests in response to environmental change. Climate warming is expected to increase arthropod damage in forests, in part, by transforming innocuous herbivores into severe pests: awakening sleeper species. Studying pestilent urban species could be a pragmatic approach for identifying and preparing for sleeper species.
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