Flaherty, D.L., Peacock, W.L., Bettiga, L.J., & Leavitt, G.M. 1982 Chemicals losing effect against grape mealybug.. California Agriculture 36(5/6): 15-16.

Notes: Pseudococcus maritimus, a pest of table grapes in California's San Joaquin Valley, is best controlled with dormant treatments, which are also less likely to cause secondary pest outbreaks commonly associated with summer treatments. However, the concentration of parathion commonly used is failing in effectiveness. Suggestions are made to raise the currently registered rate of parathion as well as integrate natural enemies in pest management systems.