Anonymous, N/A 2000 [Manual for identification of pests and diseases of mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.).] Manual de identificação de pragas e doenças da erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.. Documentos Embrapa Florestas No. 44: 24 pp.

Notes: Notes are given on the main pests and diseases of mate. Major insect pests include: Hedypathes betulinus, Gyropsylla spegazziniana, Thelosia camina, Hylesia sp., Ceroplastes grandis and Isomerida picticollis. The most important diseases are damping off (due to Fusarium sp., Pythium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp.), Cylindrocladium spathulatum and Colletotrichum sp. Diseases of secondary importance are also mentioned.