Dzhashi, V.S. 1989 [The Japanese camellia scale - a specialised pest of the branches and shoots of the tea plant.]. Subtropicheskie Kul'tury No. 3: 93-101.

Notes: The Japanese camellia scale (Pseudoaonidia paeoniae), first recorded in the former USSR in 1940, occurs in about 50 ha of tea plantations in Georgia. Yields are reduced by up to 30-50%. All stages are described, and an account is given of its food plants, injuriousness and economic importance, life cycle, reproductive capacity and limiting factors. Large colonies are formed on stems and branches near the soil surface. Bark and phloem are damaged, leading to weakening and drying out of the bushes and to leaf loss. There is one complete generation a year and a second facultative one, with both 1st- and 2nd-instar larvae and also immature and mature adults overwintering. The females lay up to 200 eggs. Considerable mortality is caused by winter cold, coccinellids (including Exochomus) and the citrus aspidiotiphagus (Encarsia citrina).