Collyer, E., & van Geldermalsen, M. 1975 Integrated control of apple pests in New Zealand. 1. Outline of experiment and general results.. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2(1): 101-134.

Notes: Experimental details for 1962-73 are given on an investigation into integrated control in an apple orchard near Nelson. These include a description of the orchard, crop records from several representative cultivars, incidence of pest damage, and information on the biology of the pests and their natural enemies. An integrated programme based on fungicides (but no lime-sulphur), with ryania as the main insecticide, was compared with a standard programme of fungicides including lime-sulphur, an insecticide schedule based on azinphos-methyl applied eight or nine times each summer, and acaricides. Quadraspidiotus perniciosus was scarce at the start of the experiment, but increased steadily with the integrated programme, and spraying with mineral oils became necessary. Lepidosaphes ulmi and Hemiberlesia rapax were also found. Mealybugs included Phenacoccus graminosus and Pseudococcus fragilis.