Chi, D.F, Zalom, F.G., Hu, Y.Y., & Sun, Y. 1997 The influence of the kairomone of Quadraspidiotus gigas and oviposition deterring pheromone in parasitoids on the control ability of these parasitoids.. Journal of Northeast Forestry University 5: 15-21.

Notes: A kairomone occurring mainly in the scale of Quadraspidiotus gigas (Diaspidiotus gigax) helps Pteroptrix longiclava and Encarsia gigas find their host for oviposition so as to keep the host population at a low level. Experiments showed that after oviposition by P. longiclava and E. gigas on their hosts, some chemical compounds with an oviposition-deterring effect were left on the parasitized hosts. The existence of these compounds can significantly reduce the occurrence of superparasitism or multiparasitism, assure that the parasitoids in the bodies of Q. gigas have sufficient nutrition, and allow the parasitoids maximum use of the limited number of eggs.