Bielenin, I. 1975 Studies on the process of postembryonic morphogenesis in scale insects (Coccoidea, Homoptera). Part III. The alimentary canal and Malpighian tubules of Quadraspidiotus ostreaeformis (Curt.) during postembryonic development.. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia: Series Zoologia 18: 147-184.

Notes: Developmental stages in females & males; comparison with other scale insects.