Belli, G., Fortusini, A., Casati, P., Belli, L., Bianco, P.A., & Prati, S. 1994 Transmission of a grapevine leafroll associated closterovirus by the scale insect Pulvinaria vitis L.. Rivista de Patologia Vegetale 4(3): 105-108.

Notes: Abstract: Transmission tests from grape to grape with the leafroll associated closterovirus GLRaV-III were carried out using scale insects of the species Parthenolecanium corni and Pulvinaria vitis; four months after inoculation feeding of two out of the five vines inoculated by P.vitis began to show a slight reddening and rolling of some leaves; hybridisation and PCR tests performed with nucleic acids extracted from the two vines showing symptoms confirmed the presence of GLRaV-III; this report may be the first of an experimental virus transmission by scale insects.