Bedford, E.C.G., & Grobler, J.H. 1983 The current status of the biological control of red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Mask.), on citrus in South Africa.. Proceedings of the International Society of Citriculture, Vol. 2, held in Tokyo on 9-12 November 1981. International Society of Citriculture Okitsu, Japan 484-1014.

Notes: Although red scale, Aonidiella aurantii, Chrysomphalus aonidum and Lepidosaphes beckii can be brought under successful and complete biological control on citrus in South Africa, growers and chemically-orientated entomologists were at first reluctant to accept integrated control programs, until red scale became resistant to parathion.