Beardsley Jr., J.W., Su, T.H., McLewen, F.L., & Gerling, D. 1982 Field investigations on the interrelationships of the big-headed ant, the gray pineapple mealybug and pineapple mealybug wilt disease in Hawaii.. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 24: 51-67.

Notes: Dysmicoccus neobrevipes & brevipes.