Baldacchino, F., & Corato, U. de 2004 [Activity of Fusarium larvarum Fuckel as a natural biocontrol agent of Targionia vitis (Signoret) (Rhynchota: Diaspididae) in Apulia.]. Informatore Fitopatologia 54(9): 52-56.

Notes: [Original title: Osservazioni sul ruolo del fungo Fusarium larvarum Fuckel quale agente di contenimento biologico del diaspidide Targionia vitis (Signoret) (Rhynchota-Diaspididae) in Puglia.] Laboratory and field experiments were carried out in 2003 to determine the efficacy of F. larvarum in controlling the black oak scale, T. vitis. F. larvarum was the only entomogenous fungus that is active in the area. A high infestation level (60.4%) by the fungus was recorded in abandoned orchards, whereas it was almost negligible in 13 commercial orchards. Limited effects of parasitoids and predators were recorded in the experimental fields. Only in 2 out of 13 vineyards were T. vitis observed to be attacked by the parasitoid Coccophagoides moeris. The most common predators observed were Lestodiplosis spp. and members of the family Rhaphidiidae.