Asplanato, G., & García-Marí, F. 2001 Ciclo estacional de la cochinilla roja California, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) en naranjos del sur de Uruguay.. Agrociencia Montevideo 5(1): 54-67.

Notes: [Original title: Ciclo estacional de la cochinilla roja California, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) en naranjos del sur de Uruguay.] Title in English: [Seasonal history of the California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) on orange in Uruguay.] Studies were carried out in two Navel orange groves in the southern citrus production area of Uruguay during two seasons: 1995/96 and 1996/97, in order to study the seasonal history of Aonidiella aurantii (Mask.), the number of generations, the occurrence of immature stage peaks and the generational thermal constant. In our conditions, the scale showed three complete generations with peaks of first-instar larvae (L1) at the end of spring (November-December), in summer (January-February) and in fall (April), this one was less marked. There could be a fourth partial generation. In winter, the immature stages (L1 and L2) predominated, although almost all developmental stages occurred. During this period, reproduction was not detected. Three or four flight peaks were observed per year. The first flight of spring (October) was numerically very small and the second flight of summer (January) had the highest numbers. The thermal constant was estimated at 667±15 degree-days (°D) from field data, considering a developmental threshold of 11.7°C. The degree-day accumulation from 1 July to the first male flight was from 300 to 400°D. The second flight was observed between 900 and 1000°D. Approximately 250°D elapsed between male catch peaks and first-stadium peaks.