Arnaoudov, V., Olszak, R., & Kutinkova, H. 2006 Natural enemies of plum brown scale Parthenolecanium corni Bouche (Homoptera: Coccidae) in plum orchards in the region of Plovdiv.. Bulletin OILB/SROP 29: 105-109.

Notes: Working Group "Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms". Proceedings of a Meeting at Debe (Poland), 27-30 September 2005. Parthenolecanium corni is considered as a serious pest of Stone fruits and some ornamental plants in Bulgaria. During 2002-04, a survey was conducted in the region of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, aimed at determining the species of parasitoid and predatory insects associated with Parthenolecanium corni and their density. Seven species of Hymenopterous parasitoids were found in association with Parthenolecanium corni , including 4 primary parasitoids ( Coccophagus lycimnia , Blastothrix confusa [ Blastothrix longipennis ], Metaphycus insidiosus , Metaphycus punctipes ) and 3 secondary ( Pachyneuron concolor [ Pachyneuron muscarum ], Pachyneuron solitarium and Marietta picta ). Out of predatory insects attacking Parthenolecanium corni, 10 species of predators were found, belonging to 3 orders: Coleoptera, Heteroptera and Neuroptera. In the region of Plovdiv, C. lycimnia and B. confusa were parasites of the greatest importance in regulating population density of Parthenolecanium corni , C. lycimnia was more important as a parasite of overwintering larvae and B. confusa was the most important parasite of adult females.