Alvarez, J.M., & van Driesche, R.G. 1998 Biology of Cybocephalus sp. nr. nipponicus (Coleoptera: Cybocephalidae), a natural enemy of euonymus scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae).. Environmental Entomology 27: 130-136.

Notes: Cybocephalus sp. nr. nipponicus Endrody-Younga was introduced into the U.S. as part of a biological control project against euonymus scale, Unaspis euonymi (Comstock). Biology discussed. Adult beetles consumed 4.5 times more euonymus scales than San Jose scales, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock), with high consumption rates of 2-stage male euonymus scales.