Aldrich, J.R. 1996 Sex pheromones in Homoptera and Heteroptera.. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology. Proceedings. Studies on Hemipteran Phylogeny. Entomological Society of America Lanham, MD

Notes: Pheromone chemistry of Hemiptera is diverse, reflecting the extent of radiation of the group; most hemipteran sex pheromones have been exploited by parasitoids as host-finding kairomones; pheromones are produced by males in taxa characterized by large individuals, and by females in species having relatively small individuals; known examples of acoustical communication in Hemiptera corroborate the pattern of large body size favoring males as the attractive sex; it is suggested that risk of discovery by natural enemies provided the selective driving force for evolution of this pattern; examples of species mentioned include Margarodidae (Matsucoccus resinosae, M. matsumurae), Diaspididae (Aonidiella aurantii, A. citrina, Quadraspidiotus perniciosa, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Epidiaspis leperii) and Pseudococcidae (Planococcus citri, P. ficus, Pseudococcus comstocki, P. calceolariae, P. maritimus, Phenacoccus gossypii).