Afonso, A.P.S., Faria, J.L., Botton, M.I., & Nondillo, A. 2006 Biologia da Cochonilha-parda Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius, 1776)(Hemiptera: Coccidae) em videira Vitis lubrusca L. var isabel (Vitaceae).. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico. Sao Paulo 73(4): 461-464.

Notes: Title in English: Biology of European peach scale Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius, 1776) (Hemiptera: Coccidae on Vitis labrusca L. var. Isabel (Vitaceae). The European peach scale, Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius,1776)(Hemiptera: Coccidae)is one of the most important pests of southern Brazilian vineyards. Scale biology was studied using females collected in a vineyard of Vitis labrusca L. var. Isabel (Vitaceae) in December of 2002 and fixing the insects on leaves of one-year-old plants in the laboratory. Length and width of the scale, fecundity and longevity were observed (n =30). Scale has a life cycle of one year with 3 nymphal instars.Life span of the first instar nympha occurs from January to March, the second from April to July, and the third from August to November. The fecundity was 2,449.5 ±323.46 eggs/female with a viability of 87.5%. Viability of first, second and third instars was 93.3, 82.1 and 86.9%, respectively, and 58.2% from egg to adult. Males of the species were not observed.