Valid Names Results

Parastictococcus multispinosus (Newstead, 1908) (Stictococcidae: Parastictococcus)

Nomenclatural History

Stictococcus multispinosus Newstead 1908c: 6-7. Type data: TANZANIA: Kilimanjaro Region, Kibong'oto, 7/25/1905, by Dr. Sjostedt. Syntypes, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; accepted valid name Illustr.
Stictococcus dimorphus Newstead 1910a: 63-66. Type data: UGANDA: Langenburg, on Cacao sp., ?/12/1909, by C.C. Gowdey. Syntypes, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; junior synonym (discovered by Richar1971, 595). Illustr.
Stictococcus dimorphus Newstead 1910c: 195. nomen nudum (discovered by Newste1910a, 63-66).
Stictococcus diversiseta Silvestri 1915a: 379-388. Type data: GHANA: Aburi, on Annona sp.; BENIN: Cotonou, on undetermined host. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Portici: Dipartimento de Entomologia e Zoologia Agraria di Portici, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Italy; junior synonym (discovered by Richar1971, 595). Illustr.
Stictococcus aliberti Vayssière 1936: 282-283. Type data: TOGO: Daye, on unknown host, ?/01/1934, by M. Alibert. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Paris: Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, France; junior synonym (discovered by Richar1971, 595). Illustr.
Stictococcus olivaceus Vayssière 1936: 285-287. Type data: SIERRA LEONE: on Cola vera, 24/12/1928, by E.E. Green. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Paris: Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, France; junior synonym (discovered by Richar1971, 595). Illustr.
Stictococcus (Parastictococcus) multispinosus Newstead, 1908; Richard 1971: 595. change of combination
Parastictococcus multispinosus (Newstead, 1908); Richard 1976: 659. change of combination

Common Names

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 7 | Genera: 13

Annonaceae

Annona | Silves1915a
Annona muricata | Gowdey1913
Xylopia quintasii | CouturMaRi1985

Bignoniaceae

Markhamia lutea | Gowdey1913 Gowdey1917 | (= Dolichandron platycalyx)

Euphorbiaceae

Croton tiglium | Gowdey1913

Fabaceae

Cajanus cajan | Gowdey1913 Lambor1915 | (= Cajanus indicus)
Cassia | Hargre1937
Leptoderris | CouturMaRi1985

Malvaceae

Cola | Newste1917b
Cola acuminata | Vayssi1936
Cola lateritia | Hargre1937
Cola nitida | Hargre1937 | (= Cola vera)
Gossypium | DeLott1967a
Hibiscus | Gowdey1917
Theobroma cacao | CouturMaRi1985

Moraceae

Artocarpus integer | Gowdey1917 | (= Artocarpus integrifolia)

Piperaceae

Piper umbellatum | Strick1947a

Foes:

Families: 3 | Genera: 3

Encyrtidae

Aethognathus afer | Fulmek1943
Aethognathus cavilabris | Fulmek1943

Eulophidae

Aprostocetus stictococci | Fulmek1943 | (= Tetrastichus stictococci)

Noctuidae

Eublemma costimacula | Gowdey1913
Eublemma scitula | Lambor1915

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 17

Angola | Almeid1973a

Benin | GermaiVaMa2010 Silves1915a

Cameroon | CouturMaRi1985

Central African Republic | CouturMaRi1985

Congo | CouturMaRi1985

Cote d'Ivoire (=Ivory Coast) | CouturMaRi1985

Democratic Republic of the Congo (=Zaire) | CouturMaRi1985

Eritrea | DeLottNa1955

Gabon | CouturMaRi1985

Ghana | CouturMaRi1985

Guinea | CouturMaRi1985

Kenya | DeLott1967a

Nigeria | Newste1917a

Sierra Leone | Vayssi1936

Tanzania | Newste1910

Togo | Vayssi1936a

Uganda | Newste1910c

Keys

Hodgso2020: pp.114-115 ( Adult (M) ) [Stictococcidae]
Richar1976: pp.668 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Parastictococcus]

Remarks

Systematics: Hodgson (2020) determined that the specimen labelled “type” from Uganda is clearly not part of the type series, despite the label and having been collected from Uganda. It might have been part of the type series of Stictococcus dimorphus Newstead (a junior synonym of P. multispinosus) but the specimen was collected 5 years after S. dimorphus was described and the collection data is quite different. The non-type material differs from the “type” material in the absence of the very large setae. However, there are a number of other smaller differences and it is possible that these 3 specimens actually represent 2 species. The genital area was almost identical on the three lots of material although the structures on the type were significantly larger. The males of P. multispinosus and P. brachystegiae are very similar but differ in that the former (i) lacks reticulations laterally on the scutum (present on P. brachystegiae); and (ii) P. multispinosus is less hirsute on the head P. brachystegiae has many more dorsal and ventral head setae). (Hodgson, 2020)
Structure: Adult female hemispherical with distinct broad V-shaped depression on the dorsum immediately in front of the anal orifice; integument covered with short, stout, fulvescent spines, between which are one broad marginal and two subdorsal bands of white granular secretion (Newstead, 1910a). Male scale white, felted, elongated sac and very brittle. Male prepupa turned to dull crimson in cold KOH, very robust. Adult male with head slightly longer than broad; ventral surface with two divergent narrow sclerites and 4 pairs of bristles, which are separated by a median longitudinal suture, the distal pair on the frontal margin. Male larva with marginal spines of two forms, minute club-shaped ones, alternating with immensely long, stout, curved and barbed ones (Newstead, 1917a).
Biology: Buchner (1955) discussed the endosymbiosis of this species.
Economic Importance: Lamborn (1915) listed Eublemma scitula as greatly checking this species.
General Remarks: Detailed descriptions and illustrations by Vayssière (1936) and Almeida (1973a). Hodgson (2002) used this species in a phylogenetic analysis of non-margarodid Coccoidea.

Illustrations

Citations

Almeid1973a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 19-26
Balduf1939: biological control, 10
Bigger1975: distribution, host, 189, 190
BrownDe1959: physiology, 378
Buchne1955: ecology, 397-424
Buchne1965: taxonomy, 278, 284-285
Campbe1983: distribution, host, 139, 140, 142, 144
CouturMaRi1985: distribution, host, taxonomy, 281
DeLott1967a: distribution, host, 119
DeLottNa1955: distribution, host, 54
Fulmek1943: biological control, catalog, distribution, 77-78
GaikwaKeKa2022: natural enemies, 4
GermaiVaMa2010: distribution, 127
GomezM1942: taxonomy, 140
Gowdey1913: biological control, distribution, host, 249
Gowdey1917: biological control, distribution, host, 188
Green1910a: description, taxonomy, 201
GreenLa1924: taxonomy, 415
Hall1935a: taxonomy, 226
Hargre1937: distribution, host, 517
HertinSi1972: biological control, distribution, 111
Hodgso2002: phylogeny, taxonomy, 135
Hodgso2020: description of male, illustration, key, male, morphology, taxonomy, 9, 115, 120-125
Komosi1974: taxonomy, 345
Lamb1974: distribution, host, 44
Lambor1915: biological control, distribution, economic importance, 206, 213, Plate XXII
Lindin1910: taxonomy, 330
Lindin1913: description, distribution, host, 91
Lindin1958: taxonomy, 373
MacGil1921: distribution, host, 75
Mahdih1964: taxonomy, 347
Mallam1954: distribution, economic importance, host, 38, 51
MatileNo1984: distribution, 70
Medler1980: distribution, 85
Newste1908a: distribution, taxonomy, 150
Newste1908c: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 6-7
Newste1910: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 1, 6-7
Newste1910a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 63-66
Newste1910c: distribution, 195
Newste1911a: distribution, 161
Newste1913: physiology, 72
Newste1917a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 14-15
Newste1917b: biological control, distribution, host, 126
Rao1952: taxonomy, 180
Richar1971: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 595-596
Richar1976: taxonomy, 659, 668
Silves1915a: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 379-388
Silves1939: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 705-706
Stickn1934: illustration, structure, 151
Strick1947a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 500, 501
Trjapi1984: biological control, 295
Vayssi1936: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 282-283, 285-287
Vayssi1936a: distribution, host, 349
Watson2021: distribution, 527
Weber1930: taxonomy, 376
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 252