Valid Names Results
Heterobrevennia is now Brevennia Goux, 1940 (Pseudococcidae)
Nomenclatural History
- Ripersia (Brevennia) Goux 1940: 58. Type species: Ripersia tetrapora Goux by original designation . accepted valid name
- Asphodelococcus Morrison 1945: 41. Type species: Ripersia asphodeli Bodenheimer by monotypy and original designation Miller1975DR:47-49 . junior synonym (discovered by Miller1975DR: 47-49)
- Brevennia Goux, 1940; Borchsenius 1948a: 953. . change in status (level)
- Heterococcopsis Borchsenius 1948a: 955. Type species: Heterococcopsis lonicerae Borchsenius by original designation DanzigGa2013:459 . junior synonym
- Asphodeloripersia Bodenheimer 1953a: 164;. by present designation . misspelling of genus name
- Pseudorhodania Borchsenius 1962a: 242. Type species: Pseudorhodania marginata Borchsenius by original designation . junior synonym (discovered by DanzigGa2012a: 786)
- Heterobrevennia Kaydan 2011: 50-62. Type species: Heterobrevennia opertus Borchsenius by subsequent designation . synonym that is an accepted subgenus or subspecies
- Brevennia (Brevennia) Goux, 1940; Danzig & Gavrilov-Zamin 2012a: 786-788. . change in status (level)
- Brevennia (Heterobrevennia) Kaydan, 2011; Danzig & Gavrilov-Zamin 2012a: 786-788. . change in status (level)
Remarks
- Systematics: Subfamily: Pseudococcinae (Choi & Lee)
The genus Heterococcopsis Borchsenius was first described by Borchsenius (1948) and belongs to the Heterococcus-group of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae). Kaydan (2011) determined that although Heterococcopsis included three species: H. desertus Bazarow & Nurmamatov, H. lonicera Borchsenius and H. opertus, these species were significantly different from each other. H. desertus was transferred to Phenacoccus, and H. opertus was transferred to Heterobrevennia, leaving Heterococcopsis as a monotypic genus. Danzig and Gavrilov, 2012a, synonomized Heterococcopsis with Brevennia and placed it in the subgenus Brevennia (Heterobrevennia). Heterobrevennia is most similar to Heterococcopsis in having trilocular pores on the dorsum and 8- or 9-segmented antennae. The two genera differ as follows (features of Heterococcopsis in parentheses): i) no circuli (with 3 circuli), ii) trilocular pores scattered on dorsum (trilocular pores on dorsum restricted to cerarii, ostioles and posterior abdominal segments), iii) at least five cerarii, of which 3 are present on head (only 2 cerarii, restricted to posterior abdominal segments), and iv) legs slender (legs stout). Heterobrevennia is also similar to all the other genera in the Heterococcus-group. Asphodelococcus can be readily separated from Heterobrevennia by the following combination of features (features of Heterobrevennia in parenthesis): (i) antennae 6 segmented (antennae 9 segmented), (ii) multilocular pores of unusual shape and often quadrate, and with heavily sclerotised hexagonal pores (pores normal), and (iii) cerarii numbering 4 pairs and restricted to abdomen (cerarii numbering 5 or more pairs, present on both abdomen and head). Annulococcus differs from Heterobrevennia in the following combination of features (features of Heterobrevennia in parenthesis): (i) cerarii poorly developed, present along the body margin (cerarii numbering 5 or more pairs, present on both abdomen and head), (ii) quinquelocular pores larger than other multilocular pores (quinquelocular pores smaller than other multilocular pores), (iii) oral-collar tubular ducts very short and stout (oral-collar tubular ducts elongate), and (iv) trilocular pores absent (trilocular pores present) (Kaydan, 2011). Brevennia Goux shares many morphological features with Heterobrevennia, namely, the presence of trilocular pores on the dorsum and venter and the abundance of quinquelocular pores on both dorsum and venter, but the two genera differ in the absence of claw denticles and Brevennia also lacks anterior ostioles. Boreococcus Danzig, Heterococcus Borchsenius and Pseudorhodania can be readily distinguished from Heterobrevennia due to the complete absence of trilocular pores in these three genera. (Kaydan, 2011) Laingococcus Williams differs from Heterobrevennia in having the following combination of features (features of Heterobrevennia in parenthesis): (i) ostioles absent (ostioles present), (ii) cerarii absent (5 or more cerarii present on both abdomen and head); (iii) a circulus present (absent); (iv) dorsal body setae similar in size to those on venter (dorsal body setae spinose, ventral setose); and (v) in having a rotund body (body elongate oval). In having trilocular pores on the dorsum and venter, Heterobrevennia is somewhat similar to Paramacoccus Foldi & Cox but Paramacoccus is unique in lacking ostioles On the other hand, in having trilocular pores on the dorsum and venter, and spine-like setae on dorsum, Heterobrevennia is somewhat similar to Phenacoccus Cockerell but new genus differs in having many quinquelocular pores on the dorsum. (Kaydan, 2011) Although Kaydan (2011) elevated Herterobrevennia to a separate genus from Brevennia, Danzig and Gavrilov-Zamin (2012) described a new species in the genus Brevennia, subgenus Heterobrevennia without a formal synonomization of the two genera. In 2013, Danzig and Gavrilov transferred the remaning species into the subgenus Brevennia (Heterobrevennia). The species B. kozari and B. gullani were also transferred into this subgenus.
- Structure: Brevennia (Brevennia): Adult female. Body elongate to oval, 1.8-2.0 mm long, 0.82-1.28 mm wide. Antennae 9 segmented. Eyes present on margin. Labium 3 segmented. Posterior pair of spiracles always larger than anterior spiracles. Legs well developed, with translucent pores on hind tibia; tibia broad, tarsus shorter than tibia, claw with a denticle; tarsal digitules setose, claw digitules capitate, thicker than tarsal digitules. Posterior ostioles well developed, anterior ostioles very weakly developed or not detected. Heptalocular pores smaller than other multilocular pores, scattered on venter; absent from dorsum. Oral-collar tubular ducts elongate, generally situated on body margin. Anal ring with 6 setae. Brevennia (Heterobrevennia): Adult female: Body elongate, 2.82-3.20 mm long, 1.56-2.20 mm wide. Antennae generally 8 or 9 segmented (but occasionally 7 when 2nd and 3rd segments fused). Eyes present on margin. Labium 3 segmented. Posterior spiracles slightly larger than anterior spiracles. Legs well developed, with translucent pores on hind femur and tibia; claw with a denticle; tarsal digitules setose, claw digitules capitate, broader than tarsal digitules. Both anterior and posterior ostioles well developed. Multilocular disc pores limited to margins of both body surfaces and to posterior abdominal segments. Quinquelocular pores smaller than multilocular pores, scattered over both body surfaces. Trilocular pores present on dorsum. Oral-collar tubular ducts elongate, generally situated on body margin. Anal ring with 6 setae.
- General Remarks: Definition and characters by Borchsenius (1949), Miller & McKenzie (1970), Miller (1975DR), Williams (1985), Kosztarab & Kozár (1988F), Williams & Watson (1988a), Williams (2004a), and by Tang (1992). Detailed description in Kaydan, 2011. Definition and charcters by Borchsenius (1949), Tang (1992) and Kaydan (2011)
Keys
- ZarkanErAp2023: pp.158 ( Adult (F) ) [Mealybug genera in Indonesia]
- MoghadWa2022: pp.20-22 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococcidae in Iran]
- DanzigGa2013: pp.464 ( Adult (F) ) [A Key to the Species of the Genus Brevennia (Including Four Palaearctic Species Not Known from Russia and Adjacent Countries)]
- DanzigGa2013: pp.464 ( Adult (F) ) [A Key to the Species of the Genus Brevennia (Including Four Palaearctic Species Not Known from Russia and Adjacent Countries)] Key as: Heterobrevennia
- Kaydan2011: pp.50 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to adult females of the Heterococcus group] Key as: Brevennia
- Kaydan2011: pp.50 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to adult females of the Heterococcus group] Key as: Heterobrevennia
- Kaydan2011: pp.50 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to adult females of the Heterococcus group] Key as: Pseudorhodania
- GranarSz2007: pp.38 ( Adult (F) ) [Phenacoccinae genera of South America] Key as: Brevennia
- Willia2004a: pp.42 ( Adult (F) ) [southern Asia] Key as: Brevennia
- Millar2002: pp.189-195 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococcidae genera of South Africa] Key as: Brevennia
- Tang1992: pp.571 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic & Oriental regions] Key as: Brevennia
- Tang1992: pp.570 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic & Oriental regions ] Key as: Pseudorhodania
- Tang1992: pp.576 ( Adult (F) ) [species Palaearctic and Oriental regions] Key as: Brevennia
- Tang1992: pp.570 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic & Oriental regions] Key as: Brevennia
- Tang1992: pp.572-573 ( Adult (F) ) [ species Palaearctic & Oriental regions] Key as: Heterococcopsis
- FoldiCo1989: pp.1121 ( Adult (F) ) [Heterococcus and associated genera] Key as: Pseudorhodania
- FoldiCo1989: pp.1121 ( Adult (F) ) [Heterococcus and associated genera] Key as: Brevennia
- FoldiCo1989: pp.1121 ( Adult (F) ) [Heterococcopsis; species Palaearctic & Oriental regions] Key as: Heterococcopsis
- KosztaKo1988F: pp.78 ( Adult (F) ) [species Central Europe] Key as: Brevennia
- WilliaWa1988a: pp.19 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific Region] Key as: Brevennia
- AvasthSh1987: pp.2 ( Adult (F) ) [India] Key as: Brevennia
- Wang1982TC: pp.21 ( Adult (F) ) [China] Key as: Pseudorhodania
- BazaroNu1975: pp.63 ( Adult (F) ) [species East Pamir] Key as: Brevennia
- Borchs1949: pp.89 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic region] Key as: Brevennia
- Borchs1949: pp.264 ( Adult (F) ) [species Palaearctic region] Key as: Brevennia
- Borchs1949: pp.89 ( Adult (F) ) [ Palaearctic region] Key as: Heterobrevennia
- Morris1945: pp.40 ( Adult (F) ) [Heterococcus and associated genera]
Associated References
- BazaroNu1975: description, taxonomy, pp. 63
- BenDov1994: catalog, pp. 45,63-64,190,416
- BenDovMa1989: description, taxonomy, pp. 171,173-174
- Bodenh1953a: description, taxonomy, pp. 124-125, 164
- Borchs1948a: description, taxonomy, pp. 953
- Borchs1948a: description, taxonomy, pp. 955
- Borchs1949: description, taxonomy, pp. 264
- Borchs1949: taxonomy, pp. 171
- Borchs1962: description, taxonomy, pp. 242-243
- DanzigGa2012a: description, taxonomy, pp. 781-799
- DanzigGa2013: description, distribution, illustration, structure, taxonomy, pp. 459-474
- DanzigGa2014: key, taxonomy, pp. 583-387
- DanzigGa2014: description, key, taxonomy, pp. 582-587
- FoldiCo1989: description, taxonomy, pp. 1129
- Goux1940: taxonomy, pp. 58
- GranarSz2007: taxonomy, pp. 38
- Kaydan2011: description, distribution, host, structure, taxonomy, pp. 50-62
- Kaydan2011: structure, pp. 50
- KosztaKo1988F: description, taxonomy, pp. 78
- KwonDaPa2003: taxonomy, pp. 105
- Millar2002: taxonomy, pp. 185-233
- Miller1975DR: description, taxonomy, pp. 47-49
- MillerMc1970: description, taxonomy, pp. 438-439
- Moghad2013: distribution, taxonomy, pp. 8, 13
- MoghadWa2022: diagnosis, key, pp. 21, 30
- Morris1945: description, taxonomy, pp. 41-42
- MorrisMo1966: taxonomy, pp. 16, 25, 92, 167
- Tang1992: description, taxonomy, pp. 572,575-576
- Tang1992: description, taxonomy, pp. 585-586
- Tao1999: taxonomy, pp. 10, 26
- TranfaMa1985: description, taxonomy, pp. 161-165
- Willia1985: description, taxonomy, pp. 37, 65
- Willia2004a: description, taxonomy, pp. 96
- WilliaGr1992: taxonomy, pp. 42, 67
- WilliaWa1988a: description, taxonomy, pp. 24
- ZarkanErAp2023: key, pp. 159
