Valid Names Results
Contigaspis zillae (Hall, 1923) (Diaspididae: Contigaspis)Nomenclatural History
- Pinnaspis zillae Hall 1923: 27-28. Type data: EGYPT: in desert east of Cairo, on Zilla spinosa. Holotype, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; accepted valid name Illustr.
- Pinnaspis zilloe Hall, 1923; Rungs 1942: 108. misspelling of species epithet
- Contigaspis monticola Borchsenius 1949b: 349. Type data: TAJIKISTAN: Gissarsky Mountains, near village of Kondara, on unknown host, 06/18/1940, by N. Borchsenius. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (Danzig1993,356). Type depository: St. Petersburg: Zoological Museum, Academy of Science, Russia; junior synonym (discovered by Danzig1993, 356). Illustr.
- Pinnaspis acantholimoni Bodenheimer 1949: 141. Type data: TURKEY: on Acantholimon sp., 1941. Unknown type status, unknown, junior synonym (discovered by Bodenh1951, 330).
- Pinnaspis astragali Bodenheimer, 1949; Bodenheimer 1949: 142. misspelling of species epithet Notes: Danzig (1993) states that Bodenheimer's use of Pinnaspis astragali is a lapsus calami for Pinnaspis acantholimoni.
- Eremaspis acantholimoni (Bodenheimer, 1949); Bodenheimer 1951: 330. change of combination
- Eremaspis zillae (Hall, 1923); Bodenheimer 1951: 330. change of combination
- Eremaspis astragali (Bodenheimer, 1949); Bodenheimer 1953: 31. change of combination
- Contigaspis zillae (Hall, 1923); Balachowsky 1954e: 414. change of combination
- Contigaspis kochiae; Balachowsky 1954e: 414. incorrect synonymy (discovered by BorchsWi1963a, 597).
- Contigaspis borchsenii Bazarov 1967: 56. Type data: TAJIKISTAN: Pamir, on Centaurea squarrosa, 04/07/1965. Unknown type status, unknown, junior synonym (discovered by Danzig1993, 356). Illustr.
- Contigaspis zilla (Hall, 1923); Al Dhafer, Aldryhim, Elgharbawy & Fadl 2012: 233. misspelling of species epithet
Common Names
- zilla scale AbdRabEv2021
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 18 | Genera: 28
- Amaranthaceae
- Bassia prostrata | Borchs1949b | (= Kochia prostrata)
- Apiaceae
- Deverra | BorchsWi1963a
- Deverra tortuosa | Hall1925 | (= Pituranthos tortuosus)
- Pycnocycla | BorchsWi1963a
- Pycnocycla spinosa | Kaussa1955
- Apocynaceae
- Calotropis procera | Bodenh1926a
- Caralluma | BorchsWi1963a
- Pergularia tomentosa | Hall1926a Rungs1942 | (= Daemia tomentosa)
- Asteraceae
- Artemisia | UlgentErYa2022
- Centaurea virgata | Bazaro1967 | ssp. squarrosa
- Helichrysum | Kaussa1955
- Boraginaceae
- Heliotropium | Kaussa1955
- Trichodesma africanum | Hall1926a | might also be spelled tichodesma, check.
- Trichodesma calcarata | Rungs1943a
- Brassicaceae
- Cactaceae
- Cactaceae | BenDov2012
- Capparaceae
- Capparis | BorchsWi1963a
- Cucurbitaceae
- Citrullus colocynthis | Hall1927d
- Fabaceae
- Crotalaria aculeata | AlDhafAlEl2012
- Indigofera argentea | Moghad2013a
- Lamiaceae
- Scutellaria semenovi | BazaroSh1971
- Scutellaria velutina | BazaroSh1971
- Thymus vulgaris | Moghad2013a
- Molluginaceae
- Telephium sphaerospermum | Hall1925
- Moraceae
- Ficus benjamina | AlDhafAlEl2012 | (= Ficus nitida)
- Plumbaginaceae
- Acantholimon | Bodenh1949
- Resedaceae
- Rosaceae
- Crataegus azarolus | Moghad2013a
- Rutaceae
- Ruta buxbaumii | Hall1925 | (= Haplophyllum halepense)
- Santalaceae
- Osyris alba | Bodenh1926a
Foes:
Families: 3 | Genera: 5
- Aphelinidae
- Ablerus chrysomphali | Yasnos1978 | (= Azotus chrysomphali)
- Coccobius contigaspidis | Yasnos1978 | (= Physcus contigaspidis)
- Coccobius testaceus | NikolsYa1966 | (= Physcus tetaceus)
- Coccophagus differens | NikolsYa1966
- Coccinellidae
- Scymnus includens | HertinSi1972 PriesnHo1940
- Cybocephalidae
- Cybocephalus rufifrons | HertinSi1972 | var. flaviceps (= Cybocephalus flaviceps)
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 14
- Afghanistan | KozarFoZa1996
- Armenia | Borchs1949b
- Cameroon | BorchsWi1963a
- Egypt | AbdRabEv2021 Hall1923
- Iran | BorchsWi1963a KozarFoZa1996
- Israel | Hall1927
- Mauritania | Rungs1942
- Morocco | BorchsWi1963a
- Nigeria | BorchsWi1963a
- Pakistan | Varshn2002
- Russia | BorchsWi1963a
- Saudi Arabia | AlDhafAlEl2012 Matile1988
- Tajikistan (=Tadzhikistan) | Bazaro1962
- Turkey | BorchsWi1963a
Keys
- MoghadWa2021: pp.67 ( Adult (F) ) [Contigaspis in Iran]
- BazaroSh1971: pp.88 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Contigaspis] Key as: Contigaspis borchsenii, C. monticola
- BorchsWi1963a: pp.597 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Contigaspis]
- BorchsWi1963a: pp.597 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Contigaspis] Key as: Contigaspis monticola
- BorchsWi1963a: pp.597 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Contigaspis]
- Ezzat1958: pp.246 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Pinnaspis known to occur in Egypt] Key as: Pinnaspis zillae
- Balach1954e: pp.413 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to palearctic species of Contigaspis] Key as: Contigaspis monticola
Remarks
- Systematics: Contigaspis monticola (=C. zillae) is related to C. kochiae, but differentiated by the larger apertures of the dorsal ducts in the median part of the pygidium (Borchsenius & Williams, 1963a). Balachowsky (1954e) considered Contigaspis kochiae to be a junior synonym of C. zillae. The females of C. kochiae can be differentiated from those of C. zillae by the smaller dorsal ducts in the median part of the pygidium, the more developed pygidial plates, the shorter median lobes and the developed disk pores near the posterior spiracles (Borchsenius & Williams, 1963a).
- Structure: Female scale pear-shaped, convex, white, 1.0 - 1.2 mm long, 0.4-0.7 mm wide. Exuviae yellow or light brown. Adult female egg-shaped or elongate egg-shaped (Borchsenius, 1949b). Slide-mounted adult female subcircular or elongate oval. Antennae each with 1 long seta. Anterior spiracles each associated with 1–6 disc pores; posterior spiracles each with 0 or 1 pore. Pygidium with median and second lobes (L1 and L2). Median lobes very close together, with basal inner margins fused and a median separation apically, more or less prominent, apices generally rounded, outer margins oblique, without notches or serrations. (Moghaddam & Watson, 2021)
- General Remarks: Detailed descriptions and illustrations by Hall (1923), Borchsenius (1949b).
Illustrations
Citations
- AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 33
- AlDhafAlEl2012: distribution, economic importance, host, 243
- Balach1929a: distribution, host, 305
- Balach1932d: distribution, host, 52
- Balach1934d: distribution, host, 147, 152
- Balach1954e: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 413, 414-420
- Balach1958a: distribution, host, 44, 48
- BalachMa1970: biological control, distribution, host, 1083
- Bazaro1962: distribution, 62
- Bazaro1963a: distribution, 71
- Bazaro1967: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 56-57
- Bazaro1968a: distribution, taxonomy, 94
- Bazaro1971c: distribution, host, 87
- BazaroSh1971: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, 89-92
- BenDov2012: catalog, distribution, host, 28, 42
- BenDovHa1986: distribution, host, taxonomy, 29, 30
- Bodenh1926a: distribution, host, 189
- Bodenh1930a: distribution, host, 371
- Bodenh1935: distribution, host, 248, 260, 270
- Bodenh1935c: taxonomy, 1156
- Bodenh1937: distribution, host, 7, 26, 218
- Bodenh1949: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 141-142
- Bodenh1951: taxonomy, 330
- Bodenh1953: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 29, 31, 32
- Borchs1949b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 349
- Borchs1966: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 81, 82
- BorchsWi1963: taxonomy, 361
- BorchsWi1963a: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 597, 604, 609, 610
- Danzig1972c: distribution, host, 582
- Danzig1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 354-356
- DanzigPe1998: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 220-221
- Ezzat1958: distribution, taxonomy, 246
- EzzatAf1966: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 393-395
- FerrisRa1947: taxonomy, 29
- Gavril2018: reproduction, 236
- GhabboMo1996: description, distribution, host, 344-345
- GhaniMu1974: distribution, 84
- Hall1923: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 27
- Hall1925: distribution, host, 22, 27
- Hall1926a: distribution, host, 32, 38, 40, 41
- Hall1927: distribution, host, 108
- Hall1927b: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 151-153, 174-176
- Hall1927d: distribution, host, 277
- HertinSi1972: biological control, 179
- Kaussa1955: distribution, host, 20
- Kaussa1959: taxonomy, 131
- Kaussa1964: taxonomy, 21
- KozarFoZa1996: distribution, 66
- KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 82
- Lindin1936: taxonomy, 163
- Matile1988: distribution, host, 25
- Moghad2004: distribution, host, 33
- Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 21
- MoghadWa2021: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 72-73, 242
- NikolsYa1966: biological control, taxonomy, 211
- PriesnHo1940: biological control, distribution, 65-66
- Rungs1935: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 277-279
- Rungs1942: distribution, host, 108
- Rungs1943a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 109-110
- Seghat1977: distribution, host, 11
- UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S119
- Varshn1962: distribution, host, 61
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 235
